What's the difference between AI, machine learning and deep learning?

Three nested circles: AI (biggest circle) — any technique making machines do things that look intelligent. Includes decades-old rule systems: 'IF fever AND rash THEN…' is AI with zero learning. Machine Learning (inside AI) — instead of writing rules, you show the machine examples and it finds the rules itself. Show 10,000 emails labeled spam/not-spam; it learns the patterns. The machine writes the rules from data. Deep Learning (inside ML) — machine learning using many-layered neural networks. Each layer learns increasingly abstract features: edges → shapes → faces. It's what made images, speech and language work, because you stop hand-designing features entirely. Interview one-liner: 'AI is the goal, ML is an approach to it where systems learn from data, deep learning is the neural-network flavor of ML that dominates modern applications like LLMs.'